No trip to Yellowstone is complete without a journey to Old Faithful. Not only is it the most famous geyser in America, the name denotes a vast hydrothermal area. The Old Faithful area of Yellowstone National Park encompasses three geyser basins - Upper, Lower and Midway basins - stretched along the Firehole River. It boasts the highest concentration of geysers in the world. More than 200 of these spectacular features are found here! And it is home to six geysers with predicted eruptions. Grand, Castle, Daisy, Great Fountain, Riverside and Old Faithful spout almost as if on cue. The Old Faithful district of Yellowstone isn't called Geyser Country for nothing.
All geysers have constrictions in their plumbing but they erupt in two different fashions. Some geysers erupt in a column of water; others spray water all around. The temperature of the underground water is responsible for the difference in the eruption. When water is heated to 350° F (180° C) it dissolves the silica in underground rock depositing sinter and forming a cone-like nozzle at the surface of the geyser. These geysers are called cone geysers and they erupt in a steady stream of water. When water is heated to a slightly lower temperature it doesn't dissolve silica and nozzles don't form. Geysers without a cone are called fountain geysers. They erupt from open craters spraying water in all directions. Old Faithful is an example of a cone geyser. Grand Geyser is an example of a fountain geyser.
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