Matilda of Tuscany, known as Matilde di Canossa to Italians and Mathilde von Tuszien to Germans, was born in Mantova in 1046. She was a noblewoman and had extensive land holdings. Matilda of Tuscany was a countess, marquise, duchess and even a queen. She controlled much of northern Italy including present-day Lombardy, Emilia-Romagna and Tuscany. Matilda of Tuscany led an unusual life for a medieval woman. She backed Pope Gregory VII in the Investiture Controversy, the most significant conflict between the church and state in medieval Europe. And while Matilda of Tuscany yielded to Henry V in 1111, she lost nothing in the deal. Matilda of Tuscany was crowned Queen of Italy and made Viceroy of the Papal State. She is known for her military deeds.